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• A recent report gained traction on Medium discussing whether Apple AirPods cause cancer through radiation.
• This data is based on a petition to the United Nations and the World Health Organization that was signed in 2015.
• Some experts argue that the level of radiation emitted from Bluetooth wireless devices is dangerous. However, other experts state that the levels of radiation are less than cell phones and we should be fine using wireless headphones.

Last week, some tech fans became concerned after freelance writer Markham Heidpublished an article on Medium that examined the safety of AirPods and similar wireless Bluetooth headphones. The piece, which gained traction online and was recently covered by other news outlets, had some questioning: Do AirPods actually cause cancer? The answer isn’t simple. Here, we break it down.

In his piece, Heid spoke with Jerry Phillips, a professor of biochemistry at the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, who said, “My concern for AirPods is that their placement in the ear canal exposes tissues in the head to relatively high levels of radiofrequency radiation.”

However, Phillips clarified that the risk is not solely limited to AirPods, but that there also is evidence for “potential concerns for human health and development from all technologies that operate at radio frequencies.” Those may include cellphones, cordless phones, cell towers, radio, Wi-Fi, and more.

Phillips is one of the nearly 250 scientists from across 40-plus countries that signed a 2015 petition to the United Nations and World Health Organization seeking for better protection from and further study on the increasing exposure to “non-ionizing electromagnetic fields [EMF].” The petition, which was initially released on May 11, 2015 and revised on January 1, 2019, also stated that there are health risks to humans, animals, and our environment.

According to the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, EMFs “are invisible areas of energy, often referred to as radiation, that are associated with the use of electrical power and various forms of natural and man-made lighting.” The petition warns that negative side effects of EMF exposure could include: “increased cancer risk, cellular stress, increase in harmful free radicals, genetic damages, structural and functional changes of the reproductive system, learning and memory deficits, neurological disorders, and negative impacts on general well-being in humans.”

The Institute adds that EMFs are divided into two groups: non-ionizing, “low-level radiation which is generally perceived as harmless to humans,” and ionizing, “high-level radiation which has the potential for cellular and DNA damage.” The radiation released by wireless devices and Bluetooth technologies, like AirPods, is non-ionizing, Heid wrote.

There’s limited research on Bluetooth specifically, but the greater research on EMFs and their side effects suggest that wireless headphones may cause health risks, according to petition signatory Joel Moskowitz, director of the Center for Family and Community Health at the University of California at Berkeley. However, Apple has previously responded to apprehensions regarding AirPods by saying it complies with current safety guidelines, according to Heid.